INFLUENCE OF IODINE-CONTAINING THYROID HORMONES ON THE LIVER HISTOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF RATS IN STRESS
Gusakova E.A., Gorodetskaya I.V.
UDC: 612.44:612.017.2
Abstract: Introduction of merkazolil (25 mg/kg 20 days) per se changes the microstructure of the hepatocytes and aggravates the dystrophic, necrotic and microcirculatory disturbances caused by stress of rats. L-thyroxine in small doses (1.5-3.0 µg/kg 28 days) does not affect the structure of the liver cells and minimizes their change under stress: in the anxiety and resistance stages of stress reaction it eliminates the appearance of dystrophy and changes of intralobular blood flow, at the stage of exhaustion it limits them and also prevents necrosis of hepatocytes.
Key words: печень, йодсодержащие тиреоидные гормоны, стресс, iodine-containing thyroid hormones, the liver, stress
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DEPENDENCE OF THE CHANGE OF TRANSAMINASES AND GAMMA-GLUTAMYL TRANSFERASE ACTIVITY IN STRESS ON THE THYROID STATUS
Gorodetskaya I.V., Evdokimova O.V.
UDC: [612.44:591.147:591.133.2]:612.017.2
Abstract: Cold stress (t 4ºC, 30 min) causes an increase of the alanine aminotransferase activity in the blood of experimental rats; chemical (injection of ethanol, 3.5 g/kg) – as alanine aminotransferase, as gamma-glutamyl transferase; emotional (free swimming of the rats during 30 minutes in a cage) – all these enzymes and aspartate aminotransferase. Experimental hypothyroidism (merkazolil 25 mg/kg, 20 days) determines a significant increase of their activity under all types of stress, whereas the administration of L-thyroxine in small doses (1.5-3.0 mg/kg, 28 days) it limits. The results of the study show stabilization of cell membranes under the influence of iodine-containing thyroid hormones during stress of various origin.
Key words: йодсодержащие гормоны щитовидной железы, стресс, аминотрансферазы, гамма-глутамилтрансфераза, iodine-containing thyroid hormones, stress, aminotransferase, gamma glutamyl transferase
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HEMISPHERIC MECHANISMS OF ΠQ1983 ANTIHYPOXIC EFFECT
Mikheev V.V., Marysheva V.V., Sosin D.V., Karpova I.V., Shabanov P.D.
UDC: 612.82:615.78+569.324.3
Abstract: The purpose was to study the πQ1983 compound effect on the resistance of mice to acute hypoxia with hypercapnia in conditions of isolated functioning of the right or the left hemisphere. The drug of comparison was mexidol, a new Russian antihypoxant. Before the administration of drugs, the right hemisphere was dominant for the initial resistance to hypoxia, while the left hemisphere was responsible for antihypoxic function of drugs. The interhemispheric differences were more significant in the high resistant to hypoxia mice compared to the low resistant animals. Antihypoxic effect of πQ1983, a new selen-containing drug, was the same as for mexidol if they were compared before or after switching off one of the hemispheres. πQ1983 increased the life time of mice due to its effect preferably on the right hemisphere. Mexidol acted preferably on the high resistant to hypoxia mice while πQ1983 did on the low resistant animals in the model of hypoxia with hypercapnia.
Key words: гипоксическая гипоксия с гиперкапнией, антигипоксанты, мексидол, πQ1983, межполушарная асимметрия, hypoxia with hypercapnia, antihypoxic drugs, mexidol, πQ1983, interhemispheric asymmetry
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REACTIVE MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES OF THE RAT BRAIN ANTERIOR CINGULATE CORTEX AFTER ACUTE HYPOXIA
Monid M.V., Droblenkov A.V., Sosin D.V., Shabanov P.D.
UDC: 611.813.8:612.273.2:599.323.4
Abstract: The histological sections of V and VI anterior cingulate cortex layers of rats were investigated in 7 days after arteria carotis communis bilateral occlusions and these regions of naïve animals as a control. The sections were painted by the Mallory method and on glial fibrillar acid protein (GFAP). The concentration of distrophic changed neurons and astrocytes bodies near to expanding of blood capillaries and increasing of number of the glia satellites were established to develop as a adaptation mechanism and to be a condition of the survival of the brain cell elements to rigid hypoxia conditions.
Key words: нейроны, астроциты, глиоциты, гипоксия, реактивные изменения, neurons, astrocytes, gliocytes, hypoxia, reactive changes
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ANTIHYPOXIC ACTIVITY OF VM-606 IN EARLY AND LATE PHASE OF PRECONDITIONING
Levchenkova O.S., Novikov V.E., Marysheva V.V.
UDC: 615.015:616-001.8
Abstract: The aim of this investigation was to study an ability of tiazoloindole derivative encoded VM-606 to influence the lifespan of mice in experimental acute hypoxia with hypercapnia and hypobaric hypoxia in early and late phase of preconditioning. It was found that the use of VM-606 in dose of 50 mg/kg leads to significant increase in the duration of animal life in case of subsequent acute hypoxia in early phase of preconditioning, but doesn’t produce effect in the late phase of preconditioning.
Key words: острая гипоксия, фармакологическое прекондиционирование, антигипоксанты, acute hypoxia, pharmacological preconditioning, antihypoxants
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COGNITION FUNCTIONS IN ELDERLY CARDIOLOGICAL PATIENTS
Pereverzeva E.V., Moroz N.V., Razvodovsky Yu.E., Welcome M.O., Pereverzev V.A.
UDC: 616.17-053.9-02:612.821.2
Abstract: A group of cardiac patients have been examined both with Folstein Mini Mental State Examination test and Clock Drawing Test (CDT). The study involved 30 cardiac patients (28 females and 2 males). An average age of the patients was 79, 8. The MMSE demonstrated that 93, 3 % of the patients had various levels of cognitive disorders that were also confirmed by «the Watch» test.
Key words: пожилые пациенты, кардиологическое отделение, когнитивные функции, скрининг, elderly patients, cognitive functions, cardiology department, screening
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MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN ELDERLY AND SENILE AGE AND THEIR INTERRELATION WITH THE LEVEL OF LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS AND LOW MEMORY
Iusov A.E., Maslova N.N.
UDC: 616.899-053.9:616.89-008.46
Abstract: The stochastic link between memory loss and cognitive impairment in elderly patients and very low density lipoproteins level in blood was represented in the article.
Key words: умеренные когнитивные нарушения, пожилой и старческий возраст, липопротеиды очень низкой плотности, mild cognitive impairment, elderly age, very low-density lipoproteins
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INGUINAL HERNIA: CAUSES, OPTIMAL METHODS OF TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF RECURRENCE
Volodkin V.V., Kharkevich N.G.
UDC: 617.55-007.43
Abstract: The aim of investigation was to systematize and estimate the reasons of emergence of inguinal hernias and on this basis to choose an optimum method of treatment for the purpose of prevention of recurrence. Patients are included in research with inguinal hernias. At a herniotomy made a fence in inguinal area of small sites of a peritoneum, of a transversal fascia, of an aponeurosis and muscles in which availability of collagen and elastin were studied. Phenotypical signs of a dysplasia of connecting tissue had been studied too. The assessment of morphological changes was carried out on microscopic level at increase with the help of an optical microscope OLYMPUS BX. Was made the conclusion that from a set of hundreds ways of plasticity of inguinal and recurrent hernias adaptation of fabrics of inguinal area is optimum free from a tension. The recurrence-free principle of surgical treatment of inguinal and recurrent hernias is possible at elimination of metabolic violations of connective tissue structures of inguinal area.
Key words: паховая грыжа, рецидив, коллаген, эластин, дисплазия соединительной ткани, inguinal hernia, recurrence, collagen, elastin, dysplasia of connecting tissue
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DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF AN INTERNATIONAL INTERDISCIPLINARY TUBERCULOSIS PROJECT: PSYCHOLOGICAL, PEDAGOGICAL, ORGANIZATIONAL AND DIDACTIC ASPECTS
Zaytseva V.M., Kasyanov A.V.
UDC: 616-002.5-084:370.153+614.2
Abstract: The article is devoted to the problem of university and research internationalization processes to be new and the most significant trends in modern university education both from organizational and psychological points of view. International interdisciplinary pilot TB project has been analyzed from organizational, chronological and psychological; points of view. Significance of Koch-Metchnikov Forum support in the development and implementation of the TB pilot project has been demonstrated. Particular attention is paid to prof. T. Ulrichs input into successful implementation of the Project. His EU expert participation contributes to better understudying potentials and directions of joint targeted activities of specialist in various medical spheres to fight tuberculosis. Significant role of Petersburg Dialogue is also disclosed in the article. University and research leaders in the system of European and Russian education are strongly aimed at more active cooperation and entering international educational and research market to provide better and comprehensive scientific results. The processes of university education and research internationalization and globalization require communicative, intercultural skills and cross-cultural competence which provide significant advantages through more extensive international experience in any professional sphere. But all the processes require proper pedagogical and psychological investigation and maintenance.
Key words: проект борьбы с туберкулезом, интернационализация университетского образования, интернационализация научных исследований, глобализация, психолого-педагогические исследования, психолого-педагогическое сопровождение, организационно-методическое сопровождение, TB project, university internationalization, internationalization in TB research, globalization, pedagogical and psychological investigation, pedagogical and psychological maintenance, organizational and didactic support
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ACTIVITIES OF THE SMOLENSK REGION TO FIGHT AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS IN 2013 AND PLANS FOR 2014-2015
Chernishova V.V., Salita E.O.
UDC: 616-002.5(477.32):614.2
Abstract: National public health strategy to improve the quality of health service in Russia also involves a number of activities and plans concerning tuberculosis patients and hospitals. The primary aim of the activities is to make preventive, diagnostic and curative activities more efficient. The paper is devoted to the activities of the Smolensk Regional Authorities in the sphere of anti-tuberculosis activities. Results of 2013 and plans for 2014 are discusses in the paper. Tuberculosis epidemiological situation is under a regular control of the Public Health Service Department and Vice-Governor of the Smolensk region. An operating headquarters on anti-tuberculosis activities is headed by the Vice-Governor of the Smolensk region. Financial aspects of the Regional Anti-Tuberculosis Programme are also presented in the paper.
Key words: туберкулез, администрация Смоленской области, заболеваемость, tuberculosis, Smolensk Regional Administration, epidemiology
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TUBERCULOSIS EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION IN THE SMOLENSK REGION IN 2007-2012
Myakisheva T.V., Gudenkov M.A., Moiseenkova S.N.
UDC: 616-002.5-036.22
Abstract: Tuberculosis epidemiological situation in the Smolensk region in 2007-2012 was bad enough compared with other regions of the Russian Federation and the Central Federal District. However, some improvements have been registered during the last three years. Percentage of population screened with preventive fluorography in the Smolensk region does not significantly differ from the data provided by other regions of the Russian Federation and has increased in the past three years as well. Treatment efficacy rates (clinical recovery and sputum conversion) in the Smolensk region are also the worst compared with other Russian regions, but the percentage of sputum conversion has increased within the last three years.
Key words: туберкулез, эпидемиологические показатели, выявление, эффективность лечения, tuberculosis, epidemiological rates, detection of tuberculosis, treatment efficacy
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TUBERCULOSIS EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION IN DIFFERENT AREAS OF THE KALUGA REGION
Lapshina I.S., Myakisheva T.V.
UDC: 616-002.5-036.22(470.318)
Abstract: Tuberculosis cases still demonstrate high mortality rates. The study performed involves a comprehensive analysis of statistic data on tuberculosis provide by the Kaluga Regional Tuberculosis Hospital to be the leading authority to fight against TB in the region with a rather high density of population. The paper provides data concerning TB epidemiological situation in various areas of the Kaluga region. Comparison with other regions of the Russian Federation is also performed in the paper.
Key words: туберкулез, заболеваемость, распространенность, смертность от туберкулеза, tuberculosis, incidence, prevalence, mortality rate
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DRUG RESISTANT PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS IN YOUNG PATIENTS AND ITS TREATMENT EFFICACY
Myakisheva T.V.
UDC: 616.24-002.5-053.82:615.015
Abstract: Social status of tuberculosis patients, ways of the disease detection, course and clinical features of pulmonary tuberculosis in young patients has been studied. Differential signs of drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis have been analyzed. Low efficacy of the first-line drug regimen in the newly detected young TB-patients has been clearly proved. The main causes of the low treatment efficacy are the following: a large focus of pulmonary lesion (more than a lobe), large cavities (more than 2 cm), drug resistance and multidrug resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Key words: лица молодого возраста, клиника туберкулеза органов дыхания, лекарственная устойчивость микобактерий туберкулеза, TB clinical symptoms, drug resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis
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CHILDHOOD TUBERCULOSIS ACCOMPANIED BY SOMATIC DISEASES AND THE QUALITY OF MEDICAL CARE IN THE SMOLENSK REGION
Rashkevich E.E., Avdeeva T.G., Myakisheva T.V.
UDC: 616-002.5-053(470.332):616.1/4
Abstract: The study involves the structure of somatic pathologies in adolescent tuberculosis patients in the Smolensk region. The study has demonstrated that the most common somatic disorders in tuberculosis patients are anemia, various chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and frequent cases of acute viral respiratory diseases. Course of pulmonary tuberculosis in various comorbidities has been investigated. Tuberculosis patients demonstrate more aggressive course of somatic diseases. Quality of medical care in outpatient clinics and centers as well as significance of joint activities of various medical and social specialists including pediatricians and TB doctors has been discussed.
Key words: подростки, заболеваемость туберкулезом, диагностика, клиника туберкулеза органов дыхания, сопутствующие заболевания, преемственность наблюдения педиатрической и фтизиатрической службы, childhood, adolescence, TB-incidence, pulmonary tuberculosis, comorbidity, continuity of pediatric and TB service
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PERSONALITY. ADOLESCENTS. PROBLEMS OF TUBERCULOSIS
Rashkevich E.E., Avdeeva T.G., Myakisheva T.V.
UDC: 616.2-002.5-053
Abstract: Personal psychological characteristics of adolescents with tuberculosis have been studied. A high level of general social and situational anxiety, the high rates of character accentuations (66.2%) has been revealed in tuberculosis adolescents. Significantly higher levels of anxiety in adolescents with local forms of tuberculosis compared with latent TB infection have been shown.
Key words: туберкулез, подростки, психология, личность, tuberculosis, adolescence, psychology, personality
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MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION AS A RISK FACTOR FOR ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION IN ADOLESCENT CHILDREN WITH OBESITY
Bekezin V.V., Borsukov A.V., Fakih Ibrahim Munir
UDC: 616.24-002.5-036.3
Abstract: Comprehensive survey of 100 children with metabolic syndrome (Group 1) and 80 children obese (Group 2) has been performed. Depending on the type of infection with mycobacterium tuberculosis, children each of the two groups were divided into 2 subgroups: children infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis and non-infectious mycobacterium tuberculosis. High incidence of oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in adolescent children with obesity and metabolic syndrome infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis demonstrates an increased risk of vascular disorders (including hypertension) and requires the timely appointment of proper metabolic therapy, particularly in preventive chemotherapy in children infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Key words: инфицированность микобактериями туберкулеза, дети, ожирение, эндотелиальная дисфункция, Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, children, obesity, endothelial dysfunction
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BONE FIRMNESS IN TUBERCULOSIS CHILDREN
Krutikova N.Y., Avdeeva T.G., Bulokhova A.S., Sulimova N.V., Ryabukhin Yu.V.
UDC: 616.71-053.31
Abstract: The study involved 73 tuberculosis children aged 3-10. They were studies taking into consideration their bone metabolism. Their growth and physical development, diet and dietary habits as well as bone metabolism (bone remodeling) and bone strength measures were evaluated. Decreased bone firmness below 10th percentile was found in more than 30% of children with TB infection; and 16% of children had bone strength rates below 3th percentile. This study clearly demonstrates high incidences of decreased bone firmness in children with TB infection. The children also have evident risks of poor physical development and vegetative regulations, clear signs of TB intoxication. The children have an increases risk of bone fractures.
Key words: туберкулез, костная прочность, дети, tuberculosis, bone strength, children
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INCIDENCE OF SOMATIC PATHOLOGIES IN ABUSED GIRLS INFECTED WITH MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS
Marchenkova Y.V., Chizhova Zh.G., Shestakova V.N.
UDC: 616-053.2-036.2:576.852.21
Abstract: Тhe article presents the analysis of incidences of somatic pathologies in abused adolescent girls aged 15 to 18 infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis taking into consideration the duration of violence exposure. Somatic pathologies in the abused girls infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis were more common and require regular and prolonged treatment.
Key words: девочки подросткового возраста, инфицированность микобактериями туберкулеза, жестокое обращение, структура соматической патологии, adolescent girls, infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, treatment, structure of somatic pathologies
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PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL POTENTIALS OF AN INTERNATIONAL VOLUNTEER PROJECT TO FIGHT AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS
Osipova N.N., Zaytseva V.M.
UDC: 616-002.5(4/9):370.153+614.2
Abstract: Development and implementation of an international volunteer project to fight against tuberculosis has a good pedagogical potential. On the one hand, the project provides an opportunity to realize students’ professional knowledge and competence in prevention, diagnostics and treatment of tuberculosis to be one of the most serious community infections. On the other hand, the project motivates students to demonstrate their best personal qualities of charity, tolerance and support to sick people. Involvement into the project acts like a booster to improve students and teachers English and German language competence though preparatory activities and participation in the European Congress of medical students and young researches.
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EARLY DIAGNOSTIC IMPROVEMENT OF RESPIRATORY SYSTEM TUBERCULOSIS ON THE REGIONAL LEVEL IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS SUFFERING FROM BRONCHIAL ASTHMA
Alimova I.L., Iacheikina N.A., Muz E.U.
UDC: 616.2-002.5-053.2:616.248
Abstract: The article presents results of tuberculin diagnostic analysis on the regional level in children and adolescents suffering from bronchial asthma. The necessity of regular investigation using diascin-test and intensification of the informational continuity between pediatricians from the outpatients' clinic and phthisiopulmonological regional department is demonstrated.
Key words: туберкулез, бронхиальная астма, диагностика, дети, tuberculosis, bronchial asthma, diagnostic, children
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REGIONAL MARKETING STUDY OF ANTI-TUBERCULOSIS DRUGS
Pavlyuchenkova N.A., Krikova A.V.
UDC: 616-056.3(470.332)+615.218.2
Abstract: Marketing studies of anti-tuberculosis drugs has been developed and performed in the Smolensk region. Marketing characteristics of anti-tuberculosis drugs in the Smolensk region have been assessed and analyzed.
Key words: противотуберкулёзные препараты, Смоленская область, anti-TB drugs, Smolensk region
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ARTIFICIAL PNEUMOTHORAX: APPLICATION IN DESTRUCTIVE FORMS OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS
Sheifer Y.A., Gelberg I.S.
UDC: 616. 25-003. 219-021:616-002.5
Abstract: Tuberculosis is still a life threatening condition with a high mortality rate. Drug-resistant forms of tuberculosis are becoming more common. The study performed involved 72 pulmonary destructive tuberculosis patients treated with artificial pneumothorax in combination with drug therapy. The data obtained in the study give a chance to conclude that the optimal period to start artificial pneumothorax is 3-4 months. Duration of artificial pneumothorax can average 5.2±0.21 months. Healing of disintegrated cavities was revealed in 66 of 72 patients with artificial pneumothorax (91.6%), as well as a stop of bacteria discharge was noted in 63 cases of 66 (95.4%).
Key words: туберкулез легких, лечение, искусственный пневмоторакс, lungs tuberculosis, treatment, artificial pneumothorax
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TEACHING OF PHTHISIOLOGY IN GRODNO STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
Alekso E.N.
UDC: 616.2-002.5:378.147(476.6)
Abstract: Innovation and efficient methods of training in Phthisiology applied at the Department of Phthisiopneumonology are described in the article with particular emphasis on the role of the discipline in the formation of the moral qualities of future doctors.
Key words: фтизиопульмонология, преподавание, организация учебного процесса, phthisiology, teaching, organization of educational process
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THERAPY OF TUBERCULOSIS IN SMOLENSK REGION IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 20
CENTURY
Nagornaya S.V., Ostapenko V.M.
UDC: 616-002.5-085(477.32):614.211/.215
Abstract: The article is devoted to some historical aspects of fight against tuberculosis in the Smolensk region. Many historical documents have been analyzed to provide chronological description of tuberculosis studies and organization of first specialized tuberculosis hospitals in the Smolensk region. In the early 20th century the incidence of tuberculosis remained high in Russia. Tuberculosis was widespread in rural areas. Clinical resident of the Internal Medicine Department of the Smolensk District Hospital G.A. Kolosov investigated the disease in the Smolensk province. He also recommended setting up specialized hospitals and sanatoria for tuberculosis patients. But it was only in Soviet Russia by mid-30s when in all cities of the Western region TB dispensaries and health centers were organized.
Key words: исторический анализ, туберкулёзные больницы, Смоленская губерния, historical analysis, tuberculosis hospitals, Smolensk region
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REHABILITATION THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND PARKINSONISM
Kovaleva E.A., Maslova N.N.
UDC: 616.832 – 004.2: 616.858+615.85
Abstract: The article involved the review on specific features of rehabilitation therapy in patients with multiple sclerosis and Parkinsonism.
Key words: восстановительная терапия, рассеянный склероз, паркинсонизм, rehabilitation therapy, multiple sclerosis, Parkinsonism
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INVENTION: DIAGNOSTICS TECHNIQUE TO DETECT EYE CORNEA SENSITIVITY (PATENT №2448654)
Deyev L.A., Malachova A.I., Pravdivtsev V.A.
Abstract: The diagnostics technique of eye cornea sensitivity by physical action on it that based on the serial dropping of sulfatsil-sodium solution in eye with gradual enlargement of concentration in 2.5% from 5% to 20%. After each dropping patient appreciates own senses using 5 ball scale and then cornea must be washed by physiological solution. In this case sensitivity stays not disturbed if first senses occur in eye after 7.5% solution dropping and becomes maximal after using 12.5% solution.
Key words: диагностика, чувствительность, роговица глаза, раствор сульфацила натрия, diagnostics, sensitivity, eye cornea, sulfatsil-sodium solution
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