EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF A NEW ANXIOLYTIC TRANQUIRIDINE
Shabanov P.D., Morozov A.I., Lebedev A.A., Bychkov E.R., Vislobokov A.I.
UDC: 615.213
Abstract: Tranquiridine, a derivative of 1.2-diazocyclopropane, was shown to possess a typical anxiolytic effect in behavioral experiments in elevated plus maze, open field, dark/light chamber, conflict situation (punished water intake) in rats and mice, and in rats with active and passive strategy of emotional behavior. Effect of tranquiridine 100 mg/kg was the same as of diazepam 1 mg/kg. Tranquiridine 50 mg/kg acted as a middle, or daily tranquilizer. Tranquiridine 10 mg/kg was ineffective in majority of behavioral tests. Therefore, effects of tranquiridine depended on the dose, its power increased with enhancement of the dose. The tranquilizing effect of tranquiridine was supported with antidopaminic type of its action when tranquiridine 100 mg/kg like as diazepam 1 mg/kg slowed dopamine turnover in the rat striatum (chronic administration of drugs for 5 days). Besides, tranquiridine in a wide range of concentrations (from 10 µM till 10 mM) decreased impulse activity frequency of the isolated neurons of the mollusk lasted on the background of slight hyperpolarization. In the same experimental conditions, tranquiridine slightly inhibited influx sodium currents (without changing calcium currents) and acted biphasically on slow potassium currents: in concentrations of 1×10 and 1×10 M tranquiridine activated them slightly, and in higher concentrations inhibited them. All supports anxiolytic effect of tranquiridine, mechanism of action of which is functional antidopaminergic effect and direct inhibition of impulse activity of neurons.
Key words: транквилизаторы, транквиридин, диазепам, механизм действия, поведенческие эффекты, обмен моноаминов, ионные токи, tranquilizers, tranquiridine, diazepam, mechanism of action, behavioral effects, monoamine turnover, ionic currents
METABOLIC AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECTS OF TREKREZAN AND POLYOXIDONIUM IN EXPERIMENTAL PROSTATITIS IN RATS
Zarubina I.V., Mokrenko E.V., Shabanov P.D.
UDC: 616.65-002-092.4/.9:615.37+569.323.4
Abstract: Anti-inflammatory and immune stimulant properties of doxazosine (0.5 mg/kg), trekrezan (25 mg/kg) and polyoxidonium (0.75 mg/kg) were compared in rats with modeled hyperplasia of the prostate complicated by an inflammation. In experimental prostatitis induced by administration of formaldehyde into the prostate tissue on the background of its hyperplasia due to sulpiride injections (40 mg/kg/day, 25 days), trekrezan (25 mg/kg) and polyoxidonium (0.75 mg/kg) administered for 5 days demonstrated anti-inflammatory effect that performed in improvement of morphological picture and oxidative status of the prostate. Doxazosine did not reveal any anti-inflammatory effect morphologically but decreased the prostatic volume by 18% (trekrezan by 21%, polyoxidonium by 31%). In rats with hyperplasia and prostatitis, doxazosine decreased prostatic volume by 26%, trekrezan by 33% and polyoxidonium by 44%. In particular, in rats with prostatic hyperplasia and inflammation, a number and size of pupillas of epithelial glandules, cribrose structures, and amyloid bodies were decreased and the inflammation reaction in the prostate was reduced too. Metabolic action of trekrezan, polyoxidonium and doxazosine was revealed as a decrease of lipid hydroperoxides, dienic conjugates, malonic dialdehyde and an increase in activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase and recovered glutathione in the prostate tissue. It is concluded that trekrezan possesses more effective metabolic and anti-inflammatory action than polyoxidonium and doxazosine in experimental rats with hyperplasia of the prostate complicated by inflammation.
Key words: иммуномодуляторы, трекрезан, полиоксидоний, доксазозин, экспериментальная гиперплазия предстательной железы, простатит, противовоспалительное действие, метаболическое действие, предстательная железа, крысы, immune stimulants, trekrezan, polyoxidonium, doxazosine, experimental hyperplasia of prostate, prostatitis, anti-inflammatory action, metabolic action, prostate, rats
OCCURRENCE FEATURES HEMANGIOMAS INTEGUMENT IN PRETERM CHILDREN, DEPENDING ON GESTATIONAL AGE AND BIRTH WEIGHT
Botsman A.V., Bekezin V.V., Tarasov A.A., Turkova L.I.
UDC: 616.5-006.311.03-053.36
Abstract: Comparative study of distribution of incidences of skin hemangioma in prematurely born children depending on their gestational age and body weight at birth is presented in article. Retrospective research on the basis of medical documentation (medical history of newborns) involved medical documents (form №097/у) kept in the Department of Pathology of Newborns and Prematurely Born Children of the Perinatal Clinic of the city of Smolensk 2013, 2014 and the period of 2015 (in 9 months from January to September). Depending on gestational age prematurely born children from gemangioma of external covers were divided into three groups: the 1st group (n=11) - with the term of a gestation of 27-30 weeks; the 2nd group (n=14) - with the term of a gestation of 31-33 weeks; the 3rd group (n=8) - with the term of a gestation of 34-36 weeks. Depending on body weight at the birth prematurely born children from gemangioma of external covers were distributed: with body weight less than 1000 grams - the 1st subgroup (n=7), with body weight 1000 -1500 grams - the 2nd subgroup (n=6), with body weight from 1500 to 2000 grams - the 3rd subgroup (n=9), with body weight more than 2000 grams - the 4th subgroup (n=11). It was established that the occurrence of gemangiy in prematurely born children depends on their gestational age and body weight at birth. Risk factors for skin hemangioma in prematurely born children are their gestational age less than 30 weeks and extremely low body weight at birth.
Key words: гемангиома наружных покровов, недоношенные дети, гестационный возраст, масса тела при рождении, hemangioma integument, premature infants, gestational age, birth weight
FEATURES OF A FUNCTIONAL CONDITION OF KIDNEYS AT CHILDREN OF TEENAGE AGE WITH OBESITY DEPENDING ON THE TYPE OF DATA FLOW ON POWER DOPPLER IMAGING
Kozlova E.U., Bekezin V.V., Borsukov A.V., Peresezkaya O.V.
UDC: 616.61-073.48-053.2
Abstract: A comprehensive study of the renal function in adolescents with obesity assessed with laboratory tests and Doppler imaging has been performed. The study included 60 children aged 11-17 years with obesity (37 children) and metabolic syndrome (23 children). Kidney ultrasound was performed with a digital portable ultrasound system ANGIODIN - Sono/U-Ultra (SPF "BIOS" Russia). It is revealed that in children with metabolic syndrome 3-rd and 4-th types of blood flow was determined by 1.36 times more often than in children with obesity. The 2-nd type of flow was .48 times more commonly in children with obesity. Types of blood flow identified with Doppler mapping (from type 0 to type 4) in children with obesity and metabolic syndrome can be used to determine stages of the functional state of kidneys (glomerular filtration rate, microalbuminuria). Doppler imaging of the kidneys has been identified to be an efficient noninvasive and safe diagnostic method that can be recommended to evaluate early functional renal abnormalities in children with obesity and metabolic syndrome.
Key words: дети, почки, ожирение, энергетический допплер, микроальбуминурия, children, kidney, obesity, power Doppler, microalbuminuria
INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF NUTRITION ON SOMATIC AND INFECTIOUS MORBIDITY OF INFANTS
Matveeva E.V., Legonkova T.I., Voytenkova O.V., Shtykova O.N.
UDC: 616-053.2-056.3-097:613.221
Abstract: Breast milk is sure to be the best nutrition for infants. If breastfeeding is impossible, the choice of artificial feeding formula should be made taking into account qualities of formula which must be extremely close to that ones of breast milk. Objectives: to evaluate health parameters in infants having breast and artificial feeding. We analyzed the incidence of infectious and somatic diseases, the level of secretory immunoglobulin A in saliva (sIgA) in children fed by the formula with prebiotics and long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids compared with infants fed by the standard formula or breast milk. Results: long-term clinical observation revealed that the use of the formula with prebiotics allowed increasing the resistance of the child's body, helped to prevent anemia and atopic dermatitis. Conclusion: nutrition with formula including prebiotics, in cases when breast feeding is impossible, can reduce the incidence of acute respiratory viral infections, anemia and allergic diseases.
Key words: дети первого года жизни, вскармливание, инфекционная заболеваемость, соматическая заболеваемость, секреторный иммуноглобулин А, infants, nutrition, infectious diseases, somatic diseases, secretory immunoglobulin A
THE BIRTH RATE AND NEW REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN HEALTHCARE PRACTICE AT THE MUNICIPAL LEVEL
Vasilyeva T. S., Peregontseva N.V.
UDC: 614.1:312.1+312.1
Abstract: The s tatistic study involved assessment of the beneficial effects of a new Centers of Reproductive Techniques in Bryansk Central District Hospital from the point of view of the birth rates in municipality. The aim of the study was to determine potential changes in the level of fertility in the Bryansk district, associated with the operation of the Center. The study involved collection and statistical analysis of the information. The study demonstrated a steady growth of fertility in the region. It can be concluded that the Center has a positive and beneficial effect on the birth rates in the Bryansk district.
Key words: вспомогательные репродуктивные технологии, экстракорпоральное оплодотворение (ЭКО), уровень рождаемости, assisted reproductive technologies (ART), in vitro fertilization (IVF), level of fertility (birth rate)
STRUCTURE OF DRUG RESISTANCE MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS IN THE SMOLENSK REGION
Myakisheva T.V., Frolova J.V., Rashkevich E.E., Yarmolich V.V., Moiseenkova S.N.
UDC: 616-002.5(470.332):615.779.9:615.724
Abstract: The study was aimed to find out the differences in the regional structure of drug resistance to anti-TB drugs for the period 2010 - 2014 in the Smolensk region. Results of bacteriological examination of sputum samples (culture of the dense and liquid media) had been analyzed in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (799 men and 180 women). The growth of cases of multidrug and extensive drug resistant of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was established. Drug resistance to isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol and ofloxacin has been significantly increase, and resistance to streptomycin has been significantly decrease for the covered period. The growth of frequency of drug resistance to rifampicin and ofloxacin is a predictor of future growth of multidrug resistant and extensive drug resistant tuberculosis. Regional range of drug resistance should be used to choice of anti-TB drugs for the patients with tuberculosis before the results of bacteriological examination.
Key words: туберкулез легких, лекарственная устойчивость, микобактерии, противотуберкулезные препараты, tuberculosis of the lungs, drug resistance, mycobacterium, anti-tuberculosis drugs
THE NATURE OF THE LIPID SPECTRUM AND ITS INFLUENCE ON HEART RATE VARIABILITY IN WOMEN WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE AND THYROID DISEAS
Nikonorova I.V., Kozyrev O.A.
UDC: 616.12-008.46-055.2: 616.441
Abstract: The article presents the study involved female patients with chronic heart failure and compensated hypothyroidism, Characteristics of lipid profile and its correlation with heart rate variability were identified. Depending on the status of thyroid function and diagnosis of chronic heart failure, all surveyed female patients were divided into three groups. The first group consisted of healthy women (n=40) without any thyroid diseases and chronic heart failure. The second group included patients with compensated hypothyroidism and chronic heart failure II FC (n=40).The third group included patients with chronic heart failure II FC without compromising the function of the thyroid gland (n=40). The heart rate variability was examined with a computer complex by the company "Neurolab" (Russia). The study has revealed an association of heart rate variability and some lipid indices, confirmed by the correlation analysis in the female patients with thyroid disease.
Key words: хроническая сердечная недостаточность, гипотиреоз, липидный спектр, chronic heart failure, hypothyroidism, lipid spectrum
CLINICAL CASE OF GRANULOMATOSIS WITH POLYANGIITIS (WEGENER'S GRANULOMATOSIS) IN SMOLENSK REGION
Pogodina M.V., Mihalic D.S., Vishnevsky S.E., Nikolaenkova L.I., Jukov G.V., Semchenkova M.Y., Maximenkova V.V., Krechikov V.A., Krechikova D.G., Bazina I.B.
UDC: 616-006. 442/443
Abstract: In the last decades an increase in prevalence of systemic vasculitis has been noted. Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (formerly called Wegener's granulomatosis) is a form of necrotizing vasculitis that affects small- and medium-size vessels mainly in the lungs and kidneys. Granulomatosis with polyangiitis was first described in 1931. However, now there are limited data on the disease prevalence in Russia. Its clinical manifestations are extremely variable, which complicates diagnostics and significantly affects life prognosis Therefore, every clinical case of granulomatosis with polyangiitis is challenging in diagnostics and has significant importance in patient's life and health status expectancy The purpose of the article is to describe a clinical case of granulomatosis with polyangiitis to enhance our understanding of this type of vasculitis and development of tactics of management of patien.ts with this pathology. Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs), reacting with proteinase-3 in the cytoplasm of neutrophils or with myeloperoxidase have an important role in the diagnostics of granulomatosis with polyangiitis However to date these markers are not absolutely specific and sensitive, so biopsy is recommended for morphological confirmation of the diagnosis of granulomatosis with polyangiitis.
Key words: системные васкулиты, гранулематоз Вегенера, гранулематоз с полиангиитом, антинейтрофильные антитела (АНЦА), systemic vasculitis, Wegener's granulomatosis, Granulomatosis with polyangiitis, anti-neutrophil antibodies (ANCAs)
BONE METABOLISM AND OVARIAN RESERVE IN REPRODUCTIVE AGE WOMEN WITH BENIGN OVARIAN NEOPLASMS
Feramuzova E.E., Ivanyan A.N., Kirakosyan L.S., Gustovarova T.A., Krukovskyi S.B.
UDC: 618.11-089.87
Abstract: The purpose of this study was an assessment of bone metabolism and ovarian reserve in 30 reproductive-age women with benign ovarian neoplasms.1A subgroup was consisted of 15 female-patients with dermoid cysts and cystadenomas, and women with endometrioid cysts formed 1B subgroup (n=15). Comparison group was consisted of 10 healthy women. Ovarian reserve was assessed by determination in blood serum of follicle-stimulating and antimullerian hormons at the 2-5 day of menstrual cycle, antral follicles were measured by Ultra-sound method, and bone metabolism was determined with the help of biochemical markers: osteocalcin and ß-CrossLaps. Bone mineral density was assessed by Ultra-Sound osteodensitometry. Valid disorders of bone metabolism and significant decrease of ovarian reserve in subgroup of female-patients with endometrioid cysts were found out (p<0,05). In 1B subgroup average level of follicle-stimulating hormone is accurately higher than in the control group. Antimullerian hormone is statistically much lower than in the control group (p<0,05). In female-patients with endometrioid cysts average level of ß-CrossLaps is accurately higher(p<0,05) than in women of the control group, that indicates that bone metabolism processes have a tendency to acceleration of osteoresorption. No differences in the result of assessment of bone mass (minerals content per bone area unit) in 3 study groups were found. Consequently, bone metabolism biochemical markers can effectively and timely detect persons, who are at high risk of fractures. Therefore, reproductive-age women with endometrioid cysts form a special risk-group for the development of osteopenia, fragility fractures and early manifestation of osteoporosis.
Key words: овариальный резерв, минеральная плотность костной ткани, остеоденситометрия, биохимические маркеры костного метаболизма, остеопения, ovarian reserve, bone mineral density, osteodensitometry, biochemical markers of bone metabolism, osteopenia
THE FEATURES OF THE ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL BRAIN АCTIVITY OF THE CHILDREN OF PRESCHOOL AGE AND ADOLESCENT AGE WITH THE PRESENCE OF PERINATAL HYPOXIC LESIONS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM IN ANAMNESIS
Kosenkova T.V., Fedorova E.A., Gombalevskay M.S., Ovchinnikov B.V.
UDC: 616.831-053.2
Abstract: A comparative study of the brain bioelectrical activity rate was conducted and involved 40 patients with the consequences of perinatal hypoxic brain stroke at the age of 6-7 (archival data) and 17-18. The EEG revealed residual organic changes in bioelectric activity of the brain in most of the patients. It shows the development of delayed cortico-subcortical connections and electrogenesis of the brain. Irregular alpha rhythm characteristics and slow wave activity in a form of theta rhythm increasing in response to functional load were taken as correlates of the brain immaturity. The pattern of changes revealed in archival EEG at the age of 6-7 was the same in 62% cases of 17-18 age; there was an improvement in 22.5% cases and deterioration in 15% cases in EEG indexes at the age of 17-18 in compassion to the data of 6-7 age. In most cases the changes in the brain bioelectrical activity located mainly in frontal region of head responsible for critical-predictive capabilities and social adaptation abilities development.
Key words: перинатальное гипоксическое поражение ЦНС, дошкольный возраст, юношеский возраст, электроэнцефалограмма, the perinatal hypoxic CNS lesion, the preschool age, the adolescent age, electroencephalogramma
ANALYSIS OF SUICIDAL BEHAVIOR IN ELDERLY PATIENTS IN A PSYCHIATRIC HOSPITAL
Reshedko L.A., Vaulin S.V., Alekseeva M.V.
UDC: 616.89
Abstract: The article is devoted to the problems of suicidal behavior in elderly patients with mental disorders. 62 patients, admitted to the Geriatric Department of the Psychiatric Hospital were examined. The data involve clinical examination of patients, using psychometric scales. Suicidal behavior was assessed by the Scale of Suicidal Ideation (SSI) and Pierce’s Suicidal Intentions Scale (PSIS). Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and the Beck Depression Inventory questionnaire (BDI) was used to verify the affective disorders. It was reaffirmed the importance of anxiety and depressive symptoms, determined by the severity of depressive disorders and found a moderate increased risk of suicide in mental status of elderly people suffering from mental illness. Certain actors which have an impact on prolonged and chronic suicidal behavior have been identified. Typical suicide attempts and internal forms of suicidal behavior in the form of suicidal thoughts, ideas and desires to make a suicide attempt were detected as well. We analyzed the risks of occurrence and relapse of suicidal behavior, variants of post-suicidal period in mentally ill elderly people.
Key words: суицидальное поведение, пожилой возраст, суицидальные попытки, внутренние формы суицидального поведения, постсуицидальный период, тревожно-депрессивные расстройства, suicidal behavior, elderly, suicidal attempts, self-poisonings, post-suicidal period, depressive disorders
ACUTE PANCREATITIS: CURRENT PROBLEMS IN THE DIAGNOSIS AND COMPLEX TREATMENT
Skutova V.A., Danilov A.I., Feoktistova Zh.A.
UDC: 616.37-002
Abstract: Acute pancreatitis is a topical problem of emergency abdominal surgery. In recent years, an increase in the incidence of acute pancreatitis has been recorded in Russia. In the structure of emergency surgical pathology of the disease is ranked the 3 position, behind acute appendicitis and gallbladder disease, and up to 10-16%. According to the literature, it identified about 140 factors that can lead to the development of this disease. In 15-30% patients severe destructive forms of acute pancreatitis are identidied. Infection of pancreatic necrosis foci is noted in 40-50% cases. Mortality rate in severe pancreatitis is 25-40%. Up to 80% causes of death in patients with acute destructive pancreatitis are caused by infectious complications of the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space and systemic infectious complications.
Key words: острый панкреатит, этиология, диагностика, лечение, acute pancreatitis, aetiology, diagnosis, treatment
СONDUCT OF PREGNANCY IN PRE-REVOLUTIONARY RUSSIA: FROM TRADITIONAL PRACTICE TO MEDICAL KNOWLEDGE
Mitsyuk N.A., Pokusaeva V.N.
UDC: 618.2-07+396.6
Abstract: The purpose of the article was to study the transformation of the conduct of pregnancy under the influence of scientific knowledge in the second half of the 19th beginning of the 20th century. The main sources were the pre-revolutionary scientific, popular scientific publications on obstetrics, "medical history", female narratives. Rationalization of reproductive behavior by the beginning of 20th century consisted in reduce the number of childbirths, increase of age of first pregnancy, widespread dissemination of contraception. Practices related to pregnancy, more subjected to medicalization. The special significance acquired "expert" knowledge of the professional doctors and midwives. They did not consider pregnancy as a natural condition, but as a special pathology of the body, requiring medical supervision and intervention. Medical patronage of pregnant, testing, reading special medical literature, the new diet, special adaptations to preserve the beauty of the body, preparation for childbirth, new manipulation of one's own body reflect the transformation of everyday life of the pregnant noblewomen in the direction of medicalization. Women in labor from intelligent classes were suspicious of stationary childbirth, preferring home birth.
Key words: медикализация беременности, история родов, история акушерства, роженица, medicalization of pregnancy, history of childbirth, history of obstetrics, parturient
COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS AND DEVELOPMENT OF TRENDS OF THE PHARMACIES INFORMATION ACTIVITY OPTIMIZATION
Spichak I.V., Pasechnikova M.A.
UDC: 615.1
Abstract: In order to study and improve information activities of pharmacies the methodical approach to the express analysis of potential of the regional pharmaceutical information environment, within which it is carried out, was worked out. The methodical approach includes development of the model of pharmaceutical information environment of the region, study of modeling and internal sphere, SWOT-analysis, development of the program of pharmaceutical information environment optimization. Morbidity of the population of Belgorod region, its help-seeking behavior is analyzed. The regional pharmaceutical market, the market of pharmaceutical information systems as well as participation of consulting groups of experts are evaluated in the paper. The case study of pharmacies’ visitors is conducted. The methodical approach to the examination of pharmacy information capacity is offered. As a result, opportunities and threats for the development of pharmaceutical information environment of Belgorod region, its strengths and weaknesses are identified; its optimization program is formed.
Key words: фармацевтическая информация, фармацевтическая помощь, фармацевтическая информационная среда, информационная деятельность аптеки, pharmaceutical information, pharmaceutical care, pharmaceutical information environment, pharmacy information activities
PHARMACEUTICAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS OF FALSIFICATION OF MEDICINES
Aksenova-Sorokhtey J.N., Novikov V.E., Pozhilova E.V., Baranovskaya E.A., Klimkina E.I.
UDC: 614.27:343.53
Abstract: Falsification of drugs is one of the global problems in the modern world. Counterfeit drugs in different countries comprise 1% to 30% the pharmaceutical markets. The share of counterfeit drugs in Russia can reach 12%. This article considers pharmaceutical and juridical aspects of this problem. We analyze possible options of production of counterfeit drugs, the main reasons and the ways of their distribution in the pharmaceutical market. Special relevance of the solution of this problem in Russia is noted. We discuss the measures of protection of the market from counterfeits which already exist in world and Russia and offer concrete measures of counteraction to their creation and distribution. A variety of the reasons promoting falsification of drugs needs complex measures for identification and prevention of their coming to the pharmaceutical market. It is necessary to learn how to reveal illegal production at all stages of the drug advance from a producer to a consumer. We substantiate the necessity of systemic approach to the development of measures for struggle against falsification of pharmaceutical production with participation of state authority of drug quality control, law-enforcement agency, treatment-and-prophylactic institutions, pharmaceutical companies, civic organizations with active participation of citizens.
Key words: лекарственные средства, фальсифицированные лекарственные средства, фармацевтический рынок, эффективность и безопасность лекарственных средств, защита прав пациентов, уголовная ответственность, drugs, false medicines, the pharmaceutical market, efficiency and safety of medicines, protection of the rights of patients, criminal liability
HEALTH STATUS OF RESIDENTS IN RURAL COMMUNITIES OF ADYGHEA ON RESULTS OF THE FIRST STAGE OF PREVENTIVE MEDICAL EXAMINATIONS
Samorodskaya I.V., Bolotova E.V., Timopheyeva J.K., Tkhitlianov E.A.
UDC: 616-084
Abstract: Studied risk factors (FR) for chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCD) and certain chronic diseases among rural populations of Krasnogvardeisky region who undergone the first stage of preventive medical examinations with regard to ethnic characteristics. Randomized pilot study included 111 individuals who undergone medical examinations from January to July, 2015. There were 67 women and 44 men. Among them, 59 were Adyghes and 52 were Russians. The mean age of respondents was 53.2±1.5 years. In Adyghes it was 45.2±2.0 years and in Russians it was 62.2±1.7 years. A set of investigations specified in the order # 3 released by the Ministry of Public Health of the Russian Federation on 03-Feb-2015, that is mandatory for the first stage of preventive examinations, was performed in all respondents included into the study. According to the study results, unhealthy diet (UD) was detected in 82% of patients, low physical activity (LPA) was found in 74.8%, overweight and obesity in 75.7%, arterial hypertension (AH) in 45.9%, hypercholesterolemia in 19.8%, hyperglycemia in 0.9%, smoking in 3.6 per cent, regular heavy drinking in 1.8%. No significant differences were found between Russians and Adyghes. A SCORE scale was used to assess the prevalence of very high risk for CNCD with regard to age and gender. Ethnicity of the respondents was not statistically significant. Age was the only one statistically significant factor for CNCD (odds 1.1; 95% CI 1.05-1.14 for each year of life). There were significant differences in the proportion of Adyghes (33, 9%) and Russians (59.6 per cent; p=0.007) excluded from the SCORE scale assessment. Our study confirms the need for the development and implementation of prevention programs in rural areas with regard to gender and ethnic characteristics of the residents.
Key words: диспансеризация, факторы риска, хронические неинфекционные заболевания, сельская популяция, русские, адыги, clinical examination, risk factors, chronic non-communicable diseases, rural population, russians, аdyghes
THE STATE OF HEALTH OF MIGRANT CHILDREN FROM UKRAINE AND CHILDREN RESIDING IN THE CITY OF SMOLENSK
Myakisheva T.V., Avdeeva T.V., Dragunov N.Yu.
UDC: 616-002.5-053.2(470.332)
Abstract: A comparative analysis of health status of migrant children from the Ukraine and children permanently living in Smolensk was performed. We studied medical documentation in a policlinic and in a TB clinic. All migrant children were examined for somatic diseases, but, unfortunately, only 34.2% children were examined for tuberculosis. The study performed shows significant differences in the structure of somatic diseases permanent residents and migrant children. In the migrants pathologies of the bronchopulmonary system, gastrointestinal tract and eyes were more common. Vaccination and revaccination of BCG and its efficiency in migrant children is significantly lower than in children residing in Smolensk. Indicators of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in migrant children were significantly higher than in resident children in the city of Smolensk.
Key words: дети, дети-мигранты, соматическая заболеваемость, инфицированность микобактериями туберкулеза, children, migrant children, somatic morbidity, infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis
RISK FACTORS FOR DISEASES IN THE FIRE SERVICE PERSONS
Ivkina M.V., Arkhangelskaya A.N., Rogoznaya E.V., Ignatov N.G., Gurevich K.G., Samusenkov O.I., Osadchenko I.V.
UDC: 377.5
Abstract: Statistic data on risk factors of various diseases in the Fire Service staff have been analyzed. Organs and systems which can be exposed by the products of combustion and can be damaged are studied. Acute inhalation exerted the greatest influence on the respiratory, cardiovascular, hematopoietic, hepatobiliary and central nervous systems. Inhalation of poisonous toxic substances explains the high incidence of respiratory diseases in fire fighters. Combustion products have been found to have up to a hundred of chemical compounds, which can have an adverse affects on the health of firefighters. It is shown that a number of substances have hepatotoxic and carcinogenic effects on the body. Accumulation of toxic trace elements can lead to the development of secondary immune deficiency; reduce body's resistance to various pathogens. The influence of stress factors on the health of firefighters was also shown. Increased anxiety and reduced motivation is commonly revealed in the group of professionals because of prolonged exposure to stress factors. Duration of professional activity on the functional state has also an impact of the health state. The relevance of preclinical diagnosis in firefighters was shown.
Key words: пожарные, спасатели, факторы риска, токсические вещества, донозологические состояния, firefighters, rescue workers, risk factors, toxic substances, prenosological conditions